During his tenure as chief justice, Marshall participated in more than 1,000 decisions, writing more than 500 of them himself. In his ruling on McCulloch, Marshall at once explained the authority of the court to interpret the constitution, the nature of federal-state relations inherent in a federal system of government, and the democratic nature of both the U.S. Maryland (1819), which upheld the authority of Congress to create the Bank of the United States and declared unconstitutional the right of a state to tax an instrument of the federal government. His defense of federalism was articulated in McCulloch v. Madison (1803), which established the Supreme Court’s right to expound constitutional law and exercise judicial review by declaring laws unconstitutional. The first of his great cases in more than 30 years of service was Marbury v. As perhaps the Supreme Court’s most influential chief justice, Marshall was responsible for constructing and defending both the foundation of judicial power and the principles of American federalism. 24, 1755, near Germantown, Va.-died July 6, 1835, Philadelphia, Pa.), fourth chief justice of the United States and principal founder of the U.S.
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